{"id":179,"date":"2026-05-04T10:26:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T14:26:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/people.bsu.edu\/econbriefs\/?p=179"},"modified":"2026-05-04T10:26:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T14:26:06","slug":"campus-conflict-and-the-changing-role-of-universities-by-dr-cecil-bohanon-and-dr-john-horowitz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.bsu.edu\/econbriefs\/2026\/05\/04\/campus-conflict-and-the-changing-role-of-universities-by-dr-cecil-bohanon-and-dr-john-horowitz\/","title":{"rendered":"Campus Conflict and the Changing Role of Universities\u2013 by Dr. Cecil Bohanon and Dr. John Horowitz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">What is going on at American Universities that are supposed to be bastions of civility, free inquiry, and free speech?\u00a0In Indiana, a\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indystar.com\/story\/news\/education\/2025\/05\/29\/judge-pauses-indiana-university-protest-policy-violates-first-amendment\/83927209007\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">judge paused\u00a0Indiana University\u2019s\u00a0recently altered\u00a0protest policy, stating that it likely violates the\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Constitution\u2019s First Amendment right to free speech.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Recently,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/mit-bans-class-president-graduation-commencement-palestinian-speech-rcna210023\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">the Massachusetts Institute of Technology banned the senior class president from graduation<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0because she\u00a0gave\u00a0an\u00a0earlier\u00a0speech\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nypost.com\/2025\/05\/30\/us-news\/jewish-students-walk-out-after-mit-commencement-speaker-accuses-university-of-aiding-israels-genocide\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">accusing the school of having \u201caided and abetted\u201d Israel with its \u201cassault on the Palestinian people,\u201d after which Jewish students walked out<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559731&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Many have compared the level and intensity of\u00a0recent\u00a0campus conflict to\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/ideas\/archive\/2024\/04\/campus-left-university-columbia-1968\/678176\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">the campus protests about the Vietnam War in the late 1960s and early 1970s<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. The demonstrations called for stopping US involvement in the Vietnam War and an end to the draft. They also\u00a0polarized\u00a0the American public between those who questioned the war\u2019s morality and purpose and those who supported the fight against Communism.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">We recently reread a 1970 post-mortem on the\u00a0Vietnam protests,\u00a0a short book\u00a0titled\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;Academia in Anarchy: An Economic Diagnosis&#8221; by future Nobel Prize-<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">winning economist James Buchanan and his colleague Nicos\u00a0Devletoglu, who\u00a0experienced \u201cfirst-hand\u201d the student-led disturbances typical of the time.\u00a0The book makes many points but\u00a0decries what the authors saw\u00a0as an unfortunate shift in the university&#8217;s purpose.\u00a0In the \u201chalcyon days,\u201d universities were \u201cvoluntary associations\u2026for the reasoned exploration and advancement of knowledge.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559731&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Universities offered\u00a0\u201cacademic freedom,\u00a0which meant the freedom to teach and freedom to learn within an ordered framework of natural Socratic authority.\u201d\u00a0They went on to say that in this \u201cgolden age, direct university participation in society\u2019s current political or social turmoil was seldom viewed as an appropriate and certainly not a necessary activity.\u201d Neither students nor faculty felt\u00a0that\u00a0the \u201clearning process would stand to benefit by\u00a0moral\u00a0commitment to this or that social or political cause.\u201d\u00a0It was understood by all involved that \u201c<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">only<\/span><\/i><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by remaining apolitical houses of study\u201d could the university serve, first, man\u2019s natural impulse to go on improving his individual knowledge and ameliorating his judgment and, second, society\u2019s long-term process via the systematic increase in the number of those whose actions might be governed by reason.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559731&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They saw this\u00a0shift in purpose as the cause of the\u00a0turmoil at the time. We\u00a0believe this shift has metastasized and transformed universities so that many have become hotbeds of activism, as described above. Focusing on activism\u00a0chills and\u00a0ultimately quashes\u00a0universities&#8217;\u00a0capacity for\u00a0open and reasoned inquiry.\u00a0Fifty-five years later,\u00a0Buchanan and\u00a0Devletoglu\u2019s\u00a0analysis\u00a0rings\u00a0as true as ever.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559731&quot;:720}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is going on at American Universities that are supposed to be bastions of civility, free inquiry, and free speech?\u00a0In Indiana, a\u00a0judge paused\u00a0Indiana University\u2019s\u00a0recently altered\u00a0protest policy, stating that it likely violates the\u00a0U.S.\u00a0Constitution\u2019s First Amendment right to free speech.\u00a0Recently,\u00a0the Massachusetts Institute of Technology banned the senior class president from graduation\u00a0because she\u00a0gave\u00a0an\u00a0earlier\u00a0speech\u00a0accusing the school of having \u201caided [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":112,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[271],"tags":[1631,1261,1632,1260,302,1633,1511,1266,1267],"class_list":["post-179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-academic-freedom","tag-campus-protests","tag-first-amendment","tag-free-speech","tag-higher-education","tag-intellectual-inquiry","tag-political-polarization","tag-student-activism","tag-university-policy"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - 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